# Base Reaches Stage 1 Decentralization

*Base contract upgrades now require 75% approval from its Security Council.*

By [ETH Daily](https://ethdaily.io) · 2025-05-02

news, 2025, april2025

---

Quick Take
----------

*   Base reaches Stage 1 decentralization.
    
*   RISC Zero launches a zk-coprocessor.
    
*   BlackRock seeks to tokenize its Treasury Fund.
    
*   Kraken supports deposits on Unichain
    

* * *

[

Base Reaches Stage 1 Decentralization
-------------------------------------

Listen to this episode from ETH Daily on Spotify. Base reaches Stage 1 decentralization. RISC Zero launches a zk-coprocessor. BlackRock seeks to tokenize its Treasury Fund into shares. And Kraken supports deposits on Unichain. Read more: https://ethdaily.io/693 Disclaimer: Content is for informational purposes only, not endorsement or investment advice.

https://spotify.com

![](https://storage.googleapis.com/papyrus_images/773419a5b6cf8547b4439473b1f6a35a.jpg)

](https://open.spotify.com/episode/1Oa7oc5Zsm5k3phyj92tGX)

* * *

Base Reaches Stage 1 Decentralization
-------------------------------------

Base [reached](https://base.mirror.xyz/tWDMlGp48fF0MeADcLQruUBq1Qxkou4O5x3ax8Rm3jA?referrerAddress=0x7CdA10f1C4e11d9C536009e43F141743D11F2FED) Stage 1 decentralization, a milestone facilitated by the launch of Fault Proofs and a 10-member Security Council responsible for governing contract upgrades. The activation of Fault Proofs enables permissionless validation. Base contract upgrades now require 75% approval from the Security Council. In Stage 1, rollups are equipped with functional proof schemes and a multi-sig override mechanism, such as the Security Council. The next milestone, Stage 2, will introduce a multi-proof system. As outlined by Vitalik, Stage 2 is the final step in rollup decentralization, where the Security Council cannot change the chain's state root.

RISC Zero Launches Steel 2.0
----------------------------

RISC Zero [launched](https://risczero.com/blog/introducing-steel-2.0) Steel 2.0, a zk-coprocessor for the EVM that enables expressive, low-cost, multi-block logic. Steel 2.0 is designed to overcome Ethereum smart contracts limitations, including the block gas limit and the inability to access historical state, compute across multiple blocks, or react to events without relying on indexers. By offloading computation offchain, Steel allows developers to process complex logic, aggregate data across time, and act on verified event data. Developers can use Steel to build event-powered logic, query historical state from any post-Dencun block, and perform multi-block computation—all while still writing contracts in Solidity. Steel 2.0 also supports cross-chain applications on Ethereum and OP Stack chains.

BlackRock Tokenized Treasury Fund Shares
----------------------------------------

BlackRock [filed](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/97098/000119312525100851/d100482d485apos.htm) Form N-1A with the SEC seeking to tokenize its $150 billion Treasury Trust Fund by issuing digital DLT shares exclusively through the Bank of New York Mellon. The BlackRock Treasury Trust Fund primarily invests in short-term U.S. Treasury securities and is designed for institutional investors. The tokenized shares aim to provide an onchain record of ownership for investors.

Kraken Supports Unichain Deposits
---------------------------------

Centralized exchange Kraken [now supports](https://blog.kraken.com/news/kraken-launches-kbtc-on-unichain) deposits and withdrawals on Uniswap’s Unichain, an OP Stack-based Layer 2 network. Supported tokens include Kraken’s composable Bitcoin asset kBTC, Tether’s cross-chain native USDT0, and ETH. Users can buy BTC on Kraken and withdraw it as kBTC directly to Unichain, similar to how Kraken integrates with its Ink L2 chain.

Other News
----------

*   Ameen [proposes](https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/96bf74e9281a93d02266d59993ef4caaa0ed7a27/EIPS/eip-7940.md) Ethereum Shah
    
*   Ledger [integrates](https://x.com/Ledger/status/1917215517447975315) stablecoin yields
    
*   Ethereum [Checkpoint #2](https://blog.ethereum.org/2025/04/29/checkpoint-2)
    
*   2025 Ethereum [events list](https://x.com/NathanSexer/status/1868742288882778448)
    
*   Eigen [Grants Oversight Council](https://blog.eigenfoundation.org/introducing-the-grants-oversight-council/)
    

* * *

Disclaimer: Content is for informational purposes only, not endorsement or investment advice. The accuracy of information is not guaranteed.

---

*Originally published on [ETH Daily](https://ethdaily.io/693)*