Verkle Pushed To Osaka Hardfork
Osaka hardfork is the next upgrade after Prague.
Verkle pushed to Osaka hardfork.
Caldera deploys Milan rollup.
Layer 3 unveils V2 update.
GridPlus releases a firmware update.
Verkle Pushed To Osaka Hardfork
Core devs agree to push Verkle until the Osaka hardfork. Caldera deploys its Milan rollup on testnet. Layer 3 unveils its V2 update. And GridPlus rel...
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Ethereum core developers have decided to push the introduction of Verkle trees until the Osaka hardfork, which is the next upgrade after Prague. The decision allows developers to implement Ethereum Object Format (EOF) EIPs in the Prague upgrade while continuing to work on Verkle in paralell. Developers previously estimated it would take 12-24 months to implement Verkle. Verkle trees are part of The Verge phase, designed to optimize data structures for smaller proofs. The update aims to enhance the viability of stateless clients by streamlining the block verification process. In next week’s core developers meeting, developers will determine the date for the Dencun upgrade on Ethereum mainnet.
Caldera, a Rollup-as-a-Service infrastructure provider, deployed Milan, a testnet rollup solution built on the Arbitrum Orbit stack, incorporating shared sequencing through an integration with the Espresso Sequencer. The sequencer enhances rollup transaction processing speed by ensuring fast finality. Users and developers can interact with Milan on testnet. The initial suite of tools includes a faucet for obtaining test tokens, a block explorer for monitoring transactions, and a bridge for asset transfers. Milan operates with the Sepolia testnet serving as its root chain.
Layer 3 launched its V2 update, introducing a new feature called CUBEs, short for Credential to Unify Blockchain Events. CUBEs are open-source ERC-721 tokens that are awarded to users for completing quests. Minting CUBEs allows users access to perks, including quests that reward tokens, boosts, and beta access protocol features. Boosts are integral to Layer 3's loyalty program, which can be redeemed for benefits through a Rewards Hub. The release also introduces an in-game currency for Layer 3 called Gems. Additionally, the latest update introduces a referral system, providing users the opportunity to earn ETH for successful referral signups.
GridPlus, a manufacturer of hardware wallets, updated the firmware of its Lattice1 devices to introduce a feature that allows for encrypted storage of seed phrases on any SafeCard. The update aims to address loss of funds associated with traditional paper backups. Users have the option to store their seed phrases on multiple SafeCards, safeguarded by a PIN. SafeCards, resembling credit cards, are designed to hold HD wallets and can be accessed using a Lattice1 device.
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Lessons From ERC2771 Multicall Vulnerability
The vulnerability, initially disclosed by Thirdweb, affected over a thousand contracts.
OpenZeppelin lessons from ERC2771 vulnerability.
Obol Network integrates with EigenLayer.
EspressoSys BFT preconfirmation architecture.
P2P releases a staking market report.
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OpenZeppelin shared insights from a vulnerability linked to the combined use of its ERC2771 library with multicall functionalities. The vulnerability, initially disclosed by Thirdweb, affected over a thousand contracts. In response, OpenZeppelin set up a war room with white hats and other organizations to safeguard the ecosystem. They developed a tool within Defender’s Code Inspector to identify vulnerable contracts. ERC2771, designed for account abstraction and allowing contracts to accept meta-transactions with sponsored gas fees, could be manipulated in combination with multicalls to spoof transaction calldata for siphoning tokens. Key lessons from the incident include the need to thoroughly understand how imported dependencies interact and the importance of using upgradable contracts with circuit breakers to effectively respond to incidents.
Obol Network, a distributed validator protocol, has integrated with EigenLayer to enable native restaking for its distributed validators. An initial deployment of two Obol distributed validator clusters, each comprising of four operators, is now live on the Goerli testnet. Native restaking enables validators to earn extra rewards by securing Actively Validated Services on EigenLayer. Native restaking does carry added slashing risks. Distributed validators contribute to enhancing Ethereum's fault tolerance by splitting a single validator key among multiple operators, ensuring that validation continues even if one node in the cluster goes offline. EigenLayer is the largest restaking protocol with over $1 billion in TVL.
EspressoSys introduced a Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) preconfirmation design for rollup sequencing, serving as a method for the confirmation and validation of transactions. The design is backed by on the collective economic security provided of a consensus protocol and is suitable for scenarios that require rapid transaction confirmations. EspressoSys compares its design with Proposer-Promised (PP) preconfirmations, which are simpler and rely on individual validators instead of a consensus group. According to EspressoSys, BFT preconfirmations have a better UX for cross-rollup transactions. Both BFT and Proposer-Promised preconfirmation designs are composable, but they offer different levels of security guarantees.
Nnode infrastructure provider P2P.org released a staking market report outlining liquid staking, restaking, ZK tech, modularization, and emerging infrastructure. According to the report, liquid staking protocols account for 44% of the 26.4 million ETH staked on the beacon chain. The report also notes that MEV accounts for approximately 10-15% of total validator rewards on Ethereum. The report also outlines decentralized proving, ZKP hardware, and external ZKP generation protocols.
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